CUPS is the more current daemon for printing, as opposed to the older standard LPD. For a workstation that uses a remote printer, the cups-bsd package (and its dependencies) should be sufficient. This is because in this case, the server is running on another computer or the printer itself.
For everything else, the cups package is also needed. This includes the case when a local USB printer is connected to a workstation. This is because only the CUPS server includes the necessary drivers to utilize a local printer. cups is also needed if a printer is to be shared with other computers.
For debugging purposes, install cups-dbg. This includes an utility program to identify all potential interfaces that may connect to a printer.
Last, but not least, to debug without an actual printer, install a “PDF printer” that prints to PDF files: