4.2 Bottom-up

Seldom mentioned is the technique called bottom-up. This technique is very useful for more experience programmers. This method is the inverse of top-down design, because small building blocks are first created, then larger blocks are created from smaller blocks. The process is repeated until a program accomplishes what it needs to do.

The reason why the bottom-up technique is used only by more experienced programmers is because beginners cannot guess what components are needed first. More experienced programmers can look at the overall objectives of a program, and quickly determine a set of operations that must be implemented and utilized.